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Interactive Map Showing Immigration Data Since 1880 - Interactive Graphic - NYTimes.com Total foreign-born residents, % of population by county, and origin of largest immigrant groups: 1880 Total foreign-born residents Cuyahoga Co: 68,753 Franklin Co: 11,821 Hamilton Co: 82,247 % of population Cuyahoga: 34.9% Franklin: 13.6% Hamilton: 26.2% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1890 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 110,038 Franklin: 15,184 Hamilton: 83,942 % of population Cuyahoga: 35.5% Franklin: 12.2% Hamilton: 22.4% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1900 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 137,844 Franklin: 14,707 Hamilton: 68,439 % of population Cuyahoga: 31.4% Franklin: 8.9% Hamilton: 16.7% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1910 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 214,199 Franklin: 18,649 Hamilton: 65,893 % of population Cuyahoga: 33.6% Franklin: 8.4% Hamilton: 14.3% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1920 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 265,944 Franklin: 18,177 Hamilton: 48,658 % of population Cuyahoga: 28.2% Franklin: 6.4% Hamilton: 9.9% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1930 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 276,966 Franklin: 17,401 Hamilton: 41,175 % of population Cuyahoga: 23.1% Franklin: 4.8% Hamilton: 7.0% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1940 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 222,787 Franklin: 13,806 Hamilton: 31,262 % of population Cuyahoga: 18.3% Franklin: 3.6% Hamilton: 5.0% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1950 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 183,833 Franklin: 13,046 Hamilton: 25,654 % of population Cuyahoga: 13.2% Franklin: 2.6% Hamilton: 3.5% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1960 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 146,720 Franklin: 15,426 Hamilton: 25,790 % of population Cuyahoga: 8.9% Franklin: 2.3% Hamilton: 3.0% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1970 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 138,633 Franklin: 17,882 Hamilton: 22,658 % of population Cuyahoga: 8.1% Franklin: 2.1% Hamilton: 2.5% Largest immigrant group origins for all 3: Russia/Eastern Europe 1980 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 98,608 Franklin: 22,080 Hamilton: 20,590 % of population Cuyahoga: 6.6% Franklin: 2.5% Hamilton: 2.4% Largest immigrant group origins Cuyahoga: Russia/Eastern Europe Franklin: Asia/Middle East Hamilton: Russia/Eastern Europe 1990 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 77,701 Franklin: 31,542 Hamilton: 21,636 % of population Cuyahoga: 5.5% Franklin: 3.3% Hamilton: 2.5% Largest immigrant group origins Cuyahoga: Russia/Eastern Europe Franklin: Asia/Middle East Hamilton: Asia/Middle East 2000 Total foreign-born Cuyahoga: 88,700 Franklin: 64,253 Hamilton: 28,441 % of population Cuyahoga: 6.4% Franklin: 6.0% Hamilton: 3.4% Largest immigrant group origins Cuyahoga: Russia/Eastern Europe Franklin: Asia/Middle East Hamilton: Asia/Middle East Total Change 1880-2000 Cuyahoga: +19,947 Franklin: +52,432 Hamilton: -53,806 Total % Change 1880-2000 Cuyahoga: +29.0% Franklin: +443.5% Hamilton: -65.4%

The Columbus Dispatch ran the story the other day and stated that the CEO has a large stake in Columbus-based Big Lots. Not sure if that makes any difference, but may be a reason they are looking there.

My understanding is that they are basically trying to get AA back to the condition it was previously, ie generally a denser residential area. Like I said, I do think they need to think more about a mixed neighborhood, though, to keep it more self-sufficient. However, I haven't seen a whole lot of plans for the area yet. Do you have any that you've seen? Speaking of the chicken intersection, I read not too long ago that that huge empty lot there is up for development once environmental cleanup is completed. I haven't seen a time frame for that, either, though.

Even in the urban heydey pre-1950, there were neighborhoods that did not have the kind of walkability that you guys are dreaming about. This idea that every single area has to be dense and walkable, or even that it can be, is not realistic in the long run. There is always going to be sprawl, always going to be suburban-style development. Always going to be mistakes made. You will continue to be very disappointed by any expectations to the contrary.

I only mean that it's the most Detroitesque Columbus neighborhood where the vast majority of homes on any given block are maybe a handful where a dozen once did. There´s a whole bunch of "unseen Columbus" in NE Columbus outside of North Central, which is huge in its own right. Linden is the most well-known, for all the bad reasons. No one knows that East Columbus is a neighborhood just north of the tracks of ritzy Bexley and Milo-Grogan is as close to the Short North as it is the opposite in many ways, including how many people know it exists. North Central was built up back in the day around E 5th Ave and south thereof consisting of the neighborhoods of Devon Triangle and Shepard. American Addition is really the only urban grid neighborhood north of there and unfortunately it's all but certain that is perhaps the most isolated neighborhood precisely because it was a poorer black neighborhood; out of sight, out of mind for white Columbus back then. The other neighborhoods north of E 5th are typical post WWII style sprawl and only interesting for gang activity in the Brittany Hills neighborhood where there was a huge bust and much of the neighborhood was cleaned up. Still didn't help their abysmal 28 walkscore. While rebuilding American Addition back to the original number of homes of 200, now at 50, is a very impressive undertaking it is an effort that in the end is not going to make such a horrible location any more attractive. There's a reason why only 50 homes are left and to rebuild it just for history's sake is a huge waste of resources that can be used in neighborhoods where there are more than 50 homes and have the infrastructure for a walkable, highly functional neighborhood. Any commercial development here would have to be built from scratch and unfortunately the city was too short-sighted (and stupid) to include any sort of commercial aspect to their "revitalization" of one of the most unpopular and obscure neighborhoods in the entire state of Ohio. So the city is wrong to focus on Downtown. They are wrong to focus on the suburbs. They are wrong to focus on neighborhoods in between. This seems less and less about where the city is putting focus rather than about that they are not focusing on exactly those areas you want them to. Also, I would also like to see more commercial in AA, or at least some type of neighborhood grocery, etc. Given the space, it would be easy to do so. However, it's not a huge area, and any significant revitalization there may end up promoting more commercial outside of it. In any event, it is good to see the city putting some focus on neighborhoods that were pretty devastated by decline. Who knows, maybe Parsons is right around the corner. :wink: Not that you'll be here to see it...

I'd much rather see a building with height rather than the Waggenbrenner design. The SN can easily handle higher density construction and it's time to get that ball rolling. Also, the last thing we need is another building that looks exactly like everything else. It got old in the Arena District, and I would rather not see that happen in the SN.

Er, a lot of businesses aren't going to announce what they're doing until they're ready to promote their opening so that somebody doesn't steal their idea. It doesn't matter. The guy has absolutely no desire to stay, and whatever the real reasons are, he's going to take out every bitter thought and emotion out on the city. The only thing we can do is wish him luck and hope he finds what he wants.

I'm in agreement that small businesses do make a big difference in the development of neighborhoods. But you miss a vital point in comparing city to city. Not every city has a revitalized urban center/downtown so that it can focus on other areas. Columbus put the focus on where it was needed first: Downtown. Now that it's well on its way, we are, by your own admittance, starting to see signs in other areas of the city. Maybe it's too late for you, but for myself I can understand the timeline.

Cleveland and Cincinnati both boomed prior to WWII, and seem to also be more intact than Columbus, but I don't think it's just about the when. If you look at the two pictures, there is a glaring difference: highways. The highway system devastated Downtown Columbus like few other cities. In that one photo alone I can see 70, 71, 315, and 670 all cutting swaths near the central core of Columbus, while Oakland seems to just have one or two that don't really cut close, leaving the density intact. I believe Columbus is still the only major city to have a national highway running through its downtown. I've seen aerial maps of the city from the 1930s and 1950s and then again in the 1970s and they are just horrific. So much was destroyed. And city leadership at the time apparently fully bought into the "urban renewal" concept of bulldozing everything in sight that was in any way, shape of form less than brand new. What happened to the old Union Station is a classic example. Only within the last 10-15 years has that way of thinking seemingly been put largely to rest, but not entirely.

The problem is that things change. Some neighborhoods that were thriving 50, 40, 30, 20 years ago may not be doing so now, and neighborhoods that were blighted have now become the new hotspots. This is how it works everywhere, and there isn't a city anywhere that doesn't have neighborhoods that are ignored more than others. The economic reality is that not every area of a city can be rebuilt all at once, and like it or not, the focus tends to go to areas that have momentum already going for them. In Columbus, High Street is still largely the place for that momentum, though it is moving further north and south of the Short North. Within 10 years, I can see a completely revitalized corridor from Merion Village all the way up through Clintonville, a very long stretch that few cities in the region can match. However, I also see signs pointing to development away from High. I think West Broad from Downtown out to 270 is going to be the next corridor. I live in Hilltop, and something I have noticed within the last 6 months is that more houses seem to be getting fixed up and there is more general attention to infrastructure. I suspect it's mostly related to the casino, and with Franklinton seeing a bit more attention as well, I hope that these small steps will build upon each other the way that they did over time on High. The point is that neighborhood rebirth and decline comes in cycles, and there will always be areas that are not particularly desirable.

I'm sure areas will become more walkable, but the current approach is missing the mark and unfortunately I see little interest in changing the current approach. Cleveland and Cincinnati were able to multiply downtown populations greatly, but it came at the expense of increasing populations and infrastructure for more walkability even in some urban neighborhoods that had seen some decent gentrification, at least enough that they're favorably used in everyday conversation. Columbus basically followed in their footsteps with over-the-top, diminished returns investments in downtown, but enough residents had congregated to a handful of High St neighborhoods to create a high enough critical mass of businesses and residents to see large gains in population. The problem ends up being the same in each city, especially Columbus; they all expect another Short North or Clifton or Ohio City to just pop up with virtually no assistance, mainly in the financial form, from the city government. This kind of approach will just continue to unnecessarily ensure that improvements continue at a snail's pace outside of downtown and by the time a good number of neighborhoods are walkable, we'll be too old to walk in them. Other cities already programs in place to direct sufficient sums of money to revitalization projects in up-and-coming neighborhoods with compelling results for residents and visitors to enjoy with new-found walkable neighborhoods, with programs for renovations of worn-down commercial buildings being one reason for these areas turning around. We've sadly taken our cue from Indianapolis and as such I don't see enough neighborhoods getting the necessary investments to make them 75+ walkable areas. Well, luckily you are going to move to the utopia that is Minneapolis and will be able to leave all this frustration behind. Seriously, though, you've already made up your mind, so why bother being involved in the discussion? You clearly don't believe anything's gotten better, you don't believe things will change further, and you certainly don't believe in the people, whether it be city government, businesses... hell, you don't even like the gays. Either you have given up or you haven't, but you can't continue to be a serious part of the discussion when you already have your mind set on running away.

You seem to have many points, so which one would that be? You agree that the city has a responsibility to maintain roads within its boundaries, even if you don't like the location? Great, finally we agree on something. Speaking of Hilliard-Rome specifically, I used to live very close to the corner of Roberts and H-R. Long before the city ever decided to widen either, development out there was growing quickly. H-R from 70 up through Hilliard itself is pretty much completely developed now, so the widening is not going to be a catalyst for further sprawl. It's already there. I think the best we can hope for is that changing demographics and economic conditions makes living closer to urban centers a more attractive option than suburban life. Given that many downtown areas across the country saw measurable growth since 2000, that may already be somewhat of a reality. But the suburbs are here to stay. You will always have people who prefer neighborhoods where all the houses look the same, have big yards and strip malls everywhere. It is not an efficient use of resources, it's ugly, it's not walkable, and I would never live there again... but not everyone shares that view.

BTW, Keith, 2 out of 5 links you provided were for projects inside 270, not out in the far suburbs. Second, the last one, Shook Rd, looks awful. Even if you don't like money being spent out there, you have to admit that the road condition is absolutely terrible. The widening of Hilliard-Rome is inevitable. You can't force people to live only in urban areas. The suburbs are always going to attract a certain demographic and a certain % of the population. I'm not a big fan of the surburbs, but I'm not about to tell people where they can and cannot live. If the roads are within Columbus' boundaries, it is unfortunately responsible to take care of them. If anything, this argues that the city should not attempt to annex anymore areas and focus solely on maintaining what it has. Luckily, I think the rate of annexation has slowed markedly over the last 10-15 years and the size of the city grew by only about 5 sq miles since 2000, one of the lowest rates ever.

If you're not even going to stand behind such fallacious statements, most of which are addressed at things I've never stated anywhere on this site, which has a search function, BTW, with your real name and and picture then there's no point in addressing random exagerated posts by a supposed Hilltop resident who I never see at UO meetups or neighborhood meetings in the claimed Hilltop neighborhood of residence. As far as I'm concerned this is just a whiny city employee hiding out behind a ? who is not offering any solutions, whereas I do, to the faults of this city's leadership which hinders development. I will reiterate that whoever you are you need to take a drive this Saturday up N High followed by Cleveland, E 5th, E Main, Livingston, Lockbourne, Parsons, S High, Sullivant, and W Broad (right in your backyard) to better evaluate progress made in the city of Columbus this past decade. N High ≠ Columbus until the city redraws city borders to consist of German Village to Clintonville. Great cities have more than one great street. Offering solutions to what, exactly? I'm not the one complaining about everything the city does. You are (and calling me whiny is incredibly ironic, btw). And I'm not sure what your point is. If it's that not every street in Columbus has been revitalized... wow, what a true revelation that is! Where is this magical Utopia where the entire city is nothing but high density urban renewal where people frolic to new shops and eateries? Even the greatest cities in this country have entire sections of low-density sprawl or urban blight. Why exactly should Columbus be any different from that reality? More importantly, where is all the money and investment going to come from to do all of it? I ask again, where is this place because I would love to move there. 20 years ago, Columbus had NO streets like High or Gay. 15 years ago, Downtown had nothing going for it but a sh*tty enclosed mall. So you can complain and bemoan that Sullivant is not a top priority, but the truth is that some areas take more precedence than others. That's just the way it is. We needed to focus on Downtown. The city did that. Did it ignore other areas to do it? Probably, but then again, with only so many resources, you put them where you think you're going to get the greatest return on investment most of the time. Parsons, Sullivant, even W. Broad... are not ever going to bring the city the kind of attention and money that Downtown will. Those areas will eventually see attention, and I hope very soon since Downtown seems to be humming along in the right direction now. But the city will NEVER be without blight. It will NEVER be perfect. It will always have streets somewhere like those mentioned above. And so will every other city. And no, I don't work for the city... I just love where I'm from and have seen how far it's moved forward. I will never be as bitter and negative about living here as you. Also, just for your relief, I am going to be moving out of the country for some time very soon, so you will have to put up with me a lot less here in the near future. I will be back, though 8-)

Another thing to consider and something that someone like Keith may not get is that not every neighborhood is going to end up as a dense, walkable urban utopia. Some areas just aren't set up to be that way. For example, south of Merion Village, the area becomes more and more a jumbled mess with far less historical properties to rebuild. I think that in many ways has hurt Franklinton, too. It has the historical aspect, but there are so many empty lots, so little cohesiveness, that it is certainly a daunting task to take on for urban planners. Simply put, different neighborhoods are going to have vastly different challenges. Most neighborhoods are never going to be the Short North, and that certainly has to be taken into consideration when it comes to prioritizing urban planning when you are faced with a limited amount of resources.

You're contradicting yourself here. You're always saying that it takes some development, namely those willing to take risks, to truly begin a trend of revitalization, yet you expect the area around the park to start revitalizing before anything was actually done. If, say, Mojoe is the first, it probably would not have gone there at all had the park not been built, and further, the fact that it will be there adds more incentive to other businesses to move in. And more residents... which leads to more busineses. And if you don't think the city is not actively trying to get people down there, you're mistaken. Gay Street had a few businesses, but it certainly was no destination, nor did it have the reputation it does now. It was not just a few scattered businesses that turned it around, but a collaborative effort by the city and area leaders to help rebuild it. Downtown might as well have been Parsons 20 years ago. It's not anymore. We have the core now, and it will continue to develop. The trick is to keep the momentum going and spread it elsewhere.

Same song and dance as always. The city is conspiring to ignore certain neighborhoods. The city isn't doing enough. The developments that have been done suck or aren't enough. Why aren't things moving faster? Why isn't anyone listening to me? Disagreement means you don't know anything and are holding back progress... and so on... And what is your obsession with Parsons? Do you have investment property over there? You do realize that every city on the face of the planet has neighborhoods that aren't walkable, aren't high density, and frankly, aren't nice... right? In fact, for most cities, that is the majority, at least in the US where the suburbs outnumber true urban environments. You may not like that reality, but it continues to be reality. I just don't get your constant negativity and unrealistic expectations. You expect Columbus to be this urban Shangri-La where every neighborhood is transformed within months and 100% of the population uses public transportation while planning community gardens as they bike to work on 10,000 miles of new trails. Frankly, I think what the city has accomplished despite terrible economic times (which continue btw) in a state where every mid and major city is seeing declines, speaks to a forward-thinking city government. Not perfect, but certainly on the right path. I just talked to a couple who moved from Seattle. Their words were that Columbus was rapidly gaining a positive reputation even in places like that, and they moved not only for job opportunities and quality of life, but because they found the city to be making huge strides in development/progress. And I hear this constantly from other new transplants. Why can people 3000 miles away in cities much larger than Columbus appreciate the city more than some of it's residents... and so much so that they choose to relocate? What are they seeing here that you don't?

Downtown malls rarely succeed once there is significant competition and they do not add that much to the street life of an area. This could be the beginning of the end for Indy's downtown mall.

On the contrary, they do mean something big in the long run. Dayton and Pittsburgh both lost city and metropolitan populations but with higher percentage of highly skilled immigrants, the future for both areas look bright as higher-skilled careers = better jobs = better economy = growth. Dayton got socked due to Delphi/GM's dismissal but the area keeps moving. It would be nice to see Dayton come back (healthy cities are good for the state overall), but my optimism is not nearly as high as yours. I've been familiar with the Dayton area for awhile now and it's always seemed to be the least vibrant of the bigger cities in state. Maybe the area overall is moving, but Dayton proper...

Do these numbers actually mean anything in the long run? In Dayton's case, it hasn't translated into development, economic recovery, or a growing population.

Keith, I'm struggling to understand why you think that Columbus is the only city in the nation that did not go through the Great Recession? Tons of development was put on hold for the better part of the last decade because of bad economic conditions. The basic principle is that development continues when there is demand for it. People aren't going to just build to keep building. I can remember countless articles about projects being cancelled or postponed because of the economy, both in 2001-2003 and 2008-present. We had maybe a 4 year window where conditions produced decent demand, and we are starting to see it come back a bit. Those empty areas along High sat largely empty not because there was no interest in development, but that that interest had to face a reality of a terrible real-estate and economic mess. It might be another few years before we start to see major projects in that area again, and certainly elsewhere.

How is it not relevant when you were just complaining that they waited years when that wasn't reality? And the $15 million is a one time deal because they had to move from their original site in the Arena District. Columbus will get like $17 million every year in taxes. If anyone got screwed, it was the casino. Second, since when did artists start needing incentives to be artists? Aren't they the types who generally move into low-income, rundown neighborhoods in the first place *because* they are cheap? The first artists in the SN certainly did not receive kickbacks from the city to move there. Is it a good idea to give them more reasons to move to Franklinton? Absolutely, but I also don't like making them into one more dependent group on tax money. And what city did NOT have a healthier core in 1950, are you kidding? Columbus only had a Downtown population of about 30,000 back then, or about 3x what it is now. It was that the city was more compact prior to the interestate highway system coming through and breaking up the area. But that is true with every major city in the entire country. This is not news nor is it Columbus-specific. And it's "especially true" only to someone who either can't or refuses to see the good in anything.

Keith, the area around the casino site is one of the most vacant, abandoned neighborhoods in the NATION, let alone Columbus. This is the first significant investment project there in many years, so why in the world would this deserve criticism? The casino is investing $400 million into their development, and now there are plans to rebuild Westland in similar fashion to Easton. This, by any standards, is fantastic news for that long-ignored area. Penn National didn't have to wait a decade for what? Ohio voters didn't even approve casinos in the state until the last few years, so they were not even permitted to build anywhere. The residents won their battle. I agree that removing street parking there would've been a bad idea, but that didn't happen, so what's the big deal? And I'm also thinking that money collected from parking meters across the city goes into a general fund and it not specifically doled out per neighborhood, meaning that money collected in the SN is not automatically used for the SN, and so on. It's not lost on me. I know Columbus will continue to improve. I just think you try very hard to find something negative to say about nearly everything. A classic example is in the Columbus Commons thread where you said nothing about the grand opening but made sure to comment on how the ugly wall in the back did not get painted. I mean, come on. There are significant beautification plans for that wall.

Very good point about the flooding and a huge reason why nothing was going on there before 2000. It was not just that the city was ignoring the area. It took a few years after to start seeing more interest, but then we hit one recession 2001-2003 and then the big one 2007 to present. Plans basically died on the vine there, just like in many other areas. Now that we are starting to see the economy come back, plans are back on track again.

Jeff, you're definitely right about High. It runs the entire length of the city and is an extremely important corridor, even moreso, I think, than Broad. There are definitely many places along it, from Downtown up through Campus, that are not finished, but the momentum is certainly there. The biggest areas for opportunity are from the northern parts of the SN up through Weinland Park. There are really only a few empty lots left from 670 to 2nd Avenue, and 2 of them are going to be built on by early next year with the new hotel/parking garage. The biggest lot, of course, is the Ibiza site, which who knows when that will be completely free of legal battles. I know it recently changed hands and there are plans in the works for large apartment buildings, but we'll see what happens. Regardless, once those lots go, the obvious direction to move is north. German Village does not have a high concentration of retail on High, and I think part of that reason is because it's a historic residential area and it's much harder to get things built when you can't tear anything down or do significant renovations that change the look of the buildings. South of Merion Village, the density just isn't there for a major push in revitalization, at least not yet. Olde Town East is another great candidate to be the next hot area, but it's been like that for awhile. Some things have improved, but it still feels disconnected from Downtown because of 71. The Short North really felt cohesive after the 670 cap, and it might not be until after caps are put over 71 with the reconstruction that OTE starts seeing more of a rebirth. Franklinton, I believe, stands the best chance of being the next hot spot over the next 10 years, especially the eastern portions. Plenty of land to build on, great location near Downtown and the Scioto, etc. The West Side, from Franklinton through the Hilltop all the way out to Westland is going to be the corridor to be in the coming years. Revitalization in Franklinton, the casino and the new plans for Westland Mall are really going to turn around that area. Everything in the middle is going to see improvements as well as the city overall sees Broad as a corridor to both areas.