Connecticut Western Reserve

 

The Connecticut Western Reserve was actually a state (as an exclave of Connecticut) from 1788 when Connecticut entered the union to 1800 when Congress passed the Quieting Act of 1800 and removed statehood status from the Western Reserve and put it in the Northwest Territory without a vote of the citizens of Connecticut, be they in "Old Connecticut" or in "New Connecticut."

 

Connecticut was one of several states that had land claims in the Ohio Country going back to the colonial period. Before it became a state, Connecticut gave up most of its western land claims. From them, much of the Northwest Territory was created. However, it reserved the northeast corner of its lands for its people. This area came to be known as the Connecticut Western Reserve.

 

The Western Reserve had two parts. The western part of the region was known as the Fire Lands. The state gave plots of land in this area to people who had lost their property in the American Revolution. The Connecticut government sold the eastern portion of the reserve to the Connecticut Land Company in 1795. The $1.2 million earned through the land sale was spent on public education in the state of Connecticut.

 

The Connecticut Land Company sent General Moses Cleaveland to survey the territory and lay out townships. In federal surveys such as the Seven Ranges, townships were 36 square miles. Cleaveland created townships of 25 square miles. One of the earliest towns established in this region was named Cleveland in his honor. Many people moved into the Western Reserve because it was accessible from Lake Erie. In the early years of settlement, many people from New England came to the Western Reserve.

 

Settlers in the western part of the reserve faced struggles with American Indians over ownership of the land. The westernmost part of the Fire Lands had been granted to American Indian groups as part of the Treaty of Greeneville of 1795. As the population increased, American Indians were forced from the region.

 

See Also

http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Connecticut_Western_Reserve

 

 

================

 

Yep, this topic (secession) is actually a series on Cleveland.com thanks to the stark political differences between NE Ohio and the rest of the state and the fact that Ohio keeps taking away financial assistance to local communities....

 

How would you split Ohio to create the nation's 51st state?

 

Updated May 16, 2017

Posted May 15, 2017

 

Making Ohio two states

 

CLEVELAND, Ohio - So, you want to secede from Ohio. How could you do it?

 

Cleveland.com has drawn its own lines for the fanciful new state of Western Reserve, with the idea that a smaller state, with more liberal politicians, would better represent Northeast Ohio's interests.

 

A new state would mean a new state government, with a different view on home rule, taxation, the environment and more. It could mean more competitive congressional districts and more debate.

 

How exactly you draw the new state -- what cities, suburbs, small town and farmland it contains -- would dictate all that.

So take a minute to consider what that might look like.

 

Where would you draw the border? Should our new state include Toledo? Akron? Youngstown? All three?

 

This post is part of cleveland.com's series, "Western Reserve: the 51st State?" For more stories, click here.

 

MORE:

http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2017/05/how_would_you_split_ohio_to_cr.html#incart_river_mobile_home

 

 

=====================

 

And one more map from Cleveland.com

 

 

Dreaming up Western Reserve -- the 51st state?

 

A new state: "Imagine a new Ohio. A smaller state carved out around Lake Erie, where we could keep our tax money nearby, empower cities to enact their own laws and elect a legislature closely matched between Democrats and Republicans. We could focus on solving urban problems," cleveland.com's Laura Johnston writes. "Sure, it's a daydream. But we in Cleveland feel stuck. We're a Democratic metropolis governed by Republicans who see the state very differently than we do. Fights erupt time and time again, over fracking and gun regulation and minimum wage. The state legislature overrules, takes our tax money and disperses it to rural areas."

 

Enter Western Reserve, an imaginary 51st state made up of northern Ohio counties. Over the next two weeks, cleveland.com will examine how life would change for Clevelanders if northern Ohio became its own state.

 

"To be clear, cleveland.com is not actually suggesting secession from Columbus, Cincinnati, Dayton and the mostly rural rest of the state," Johnston writes. "We're simply mulling the idea as a vehicle to show how little clout and control Northeast Ohio has over its destiny."

 

Western Reserve declared independence from the rest of Ohio, with the help of Thomas Jefferson.

 

MORE:

http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2017/05/dreaming_up_western_reserve_--.html#incart_big-photo

Edited November 13, 20195 yr by KJP

It would make better sense for the PD series to just focus on the Cleveland–Akron–Canton CSA and perhaps include a few additional outlying counties like Wayne and Ashland. Or better still, just work with the 18-member county footprint of Team NEO. Extending a hypothetical Western Reserve state boundary past Toledo just seems arbitrary and oblivious to most NE Ohioans' general concept of the region, not to mention that it probably has Toledoans also scratching their heads and wondering wtf? :wtf:

 

A 51st state seems very far fetched, particularly in this polarized and highly partisan political climate. More palatable would be some sort of formal multi-county regional government, not unlike Minneapolis-St. Paul's Metropolitan Council, that recognizes the region's common economic history, identity, and its challenges and works to address them from a role and perspective better suited than that of our state and local governments. This I could actually see happening.

There's just no way they're letting us have our own 2 senators.  That would change everything.  Same problem for DC and PR.

I also think there is a constitutional provision which prevents forming states from other existing states.  But I agree that DC and PR should get statehood.

Not that I know of.  Virginia spawned WV and KY, plus western PA.

Correction.  It can be done but it would be extremely difficult. 

 

New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new States shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.

 

Source: ARTICLE IV, SECTION 3, CLAUSE 1

 

Needs to pass the Legislature of the state and US Congress.

A flag with 51 stars would look really awkward.

how about 53 stars?  western reserve +DC + PR

Looking at the design of the flag, you would need at least four new states to make it look balanced.

Technically anything is possible under the US constitution, if discussion leads to widespread agreement.  That's one of America's greatest strengths.  The only drawback is things like "NO BEER!  OK fine, beer."

Looking at this election map, it's interesting that all of the counties along the north coast are much more Democrat than a typical county in Ohio. Most are majority Republican obviously, but there's certainly a difference.

Most are majority Republican obviously

 

That isn't obvious, actually. Last year's election was the first time since 1984 that most of the lakefront counties voted for the GOP presidential candidate. In 2008, all of them voted for Obama. In 2012, all but one did.

Stop whining, Yankees!

A 51st state seems very far fetched, particularly in this polarized and highly partisan political climate. More palatable would be some sort of formal multi-county regional government, not unlike Minneapolis-St. Paul's Metropolitan Council, that recognizes the region's common economic history, identity, and its challenges and works to address them from a role and perspective better suited than that of our state and local governments. This I could actually see happening.

 

Now this is what really should be discussed...not some idiotic idea of separation.

I think the idea of separate state is more tongue-in-cheek than anything. But I agree that we should from some sort of regional government in NEO.

Everything south of the Connecticut Western Reserve was Virginia and, as Connecticut repaid its war veterans with Western Reserve land, so was land given to Virginian Revolutionary War veterans as compensation for their service (since states were broke, the USA didn't have any money either and the nation was moreso a collection of semi-independent states any way). So the rest of Ohio has little culturally in common with NE Ohio. As the saying in NE Ohio goes, many here are ashamed to be a part of Ohio, and Ohio doesn't seem to want us either -- especially since the state government takes tax dollars from urban NE Ohio and gives it to the state capital and to rural Ohio. So here's another installment of this series......

 

New state, new constitution: How you could design Western Reserve government

By Robert Higgs, cleveland.com

on May 22, 2017 at 6:00 AM, updated May 22, 2017 at 12:06 PM

 

CLEVELAND, Ohio - As a new state, Western Reserve would need a new constitution. A document to structure its government and set the ground rules for a new society.

 

Drafters would start with a clean slate. We could create a unicameral legislative body, if we wanted. Or a parliament, which would open possibilities for third-party candidates and force legislators to compromise. We could guarantee citizen rights or even publicly fund political campaigns. 

 

This post is part of cleveland.com's series, "Western Reserve: the 51st State?" For more stories, click here.

 

Ohio is on its third version of a constitution. Its citizens approved the first in 1802. That was replaced in 1851. In 1912 voters approved nearly three dozen amendments to update that document. (Voters rejected one other revision in the 1870s.) But the present day document is far from perfect.

 

MORE:

http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2017/05/new_state_new_constitution_how.html

Fascinating how a representative government can change things not only in Ohio but nationally....

 

Al Gore would have been president if Ohio were split in two

Updated on May 24, 2017 at 7:06 AM Posted on May 24, 2017 at 6:00 AM

BY RICH EXNER, CLEVELAND.COM rexnerCleveland[/member].com

 

CLEVELAND, Ohio - Al Gore would have loved to see Northeast Ohio secede from the rest of Ohio long ago.

 

The move would have given him the presidency.

 

This is because he would have won Western Reserve - the 26-county area of northern Ohio that cleveland.com is creating as a fictional state to highlight the differences between our region and the rest of Ohio.

 

Here is what would have happened.

 

By winning Western Reserve, Gore would have received 11 Electoral College votes, cleveland.com calculated, after consulting with the Population Studies Center at the University of Michigan to determine the number of Electoral College votes for the fictional new state and the then-diminished Ohio.

 

George W. Bush would have won the rest of Ohio, but the leftover state would have given him only 12 Electoral College votes, rather than the 21 he captured in 2000.

 

So, instead of Bush winning the Electoral College vote, 271-266, Gore would have won, 277-262.

 

MORE:

http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2017/05/al_gore_would_have_been_presid.html#incart_2box

The small-town home architecture is much more New England-like than the rest of the state.

The small-town home architecture is much more New England-like than the rest of the state.

 

Also the towns with Public Squares and white steeple churches are remnants of New England planning.  Survey Townships in the WR are 25 sq. mi. rather than the traditional 36 sq. mi.  I don't really know of anyone that feels that we are connected to Connecticut or New England but it's just a unique part of history. 

Why is Cleveland so obsessed with the Western Reserve when Cincinnati doesn't care at all that it used to be part of Virginia?  Perhaps if there was a "Virginia Military District College" in the way there is a "Case Western Reserve", there would be more present-day consciousness of this fact.  But there seems to be a lingering sentiment in the Cleveland psyche that it is somehow a next-door neighbor and peer of Philadelphia, Baltimore, etc.  The fact that the interstate signs say "New York" just east of Cleveland might bolster this sentiment.  Cincinnati has its issues, but it does not claim to be part of a geographical region 500 miles east of where it is situated. 

 

They do seem to be obsessed with the fact that part of NEO was created out of Connecticut. I guarantee if it was the New Jersey Western Reserve, they wouldn't be hyping it nearly as much. I really think there is a delusion among some boosters here that the Connecticut Western Reserve roots somehow make Cleveland some outpost of New England in Ohio. Lol- what a ridiculous notion.

 

Every time this topic comes up, I just laugh. If you all split from Ohio, have fun paying out of state tuition at OSU.

how dare you besmirch our homeland and our founding fathers, like General Edward Paine, a Revolutionary War hero if there was one. As a matter of fact, Painesville is just like Connecticut--without all the rich people and heavily populated by Mexicans! lol

 

Good also to remember that the Western Reserve/Firelands weren't created out of Connecticut, but out of Iroquois and Miami lands that weren't formally ceded until 1795 and into the 1840s. Claiming that CT 'owned' the land is a whitewash - literally- of what happened. The passive tenses in the OP about how "settlement" happened obscure - like so much of US history - the fact that each little bit of land had to be stolen from its original inhabitants. Carry on....

 

One of the oldest streets developed by white men in Cleveland wasn't downtown, but in Brooklyn Township. Denison Road followed a natural ridge line and, like many of today's roads that followed ridge lines (Detroit Avenue, Lorain Avenue, Center Ridge Road, Johnny Cake Ridge Road, etc), they were originally paths used by the Huron Nation for hundreds if not thousands of years. Along Denison you will find some of the oldest parcels and homes still left from the late 1700s and early 1800s -- and all were settled by Connecticut residents, most of whom were veterans of the Revolution or their descendants.

Where are we? Perhaps in Danbury, Connecticut? Or maybe Wyndham, Connecticut -- the city to which Gen. Moses Cleaveland predicted his namesake city might someday grow to be as large. Nope, we're in Hudson, Ohio, amongst a collection of some of the oldest brick structures in Northeast Ohio. This is Western Reserve Academy, a private college-prep school and some of the 200-year-old homes in the surrounding town. This is the Western Reserve architectural style, since emulated in many buildings including those built in the 21st century...

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Still think that Connecticut Western Reserve roots are somehow contrived, or that they make us a phantom outpost of New England? Half the banks and public buildings in Northeast Ohio are designed in the Western Reserve style seen in these pictures. The architecture, culture, politics, values, etc. are all quite similar -- even 200+ years later.

One of the oldest streets developed by white men in Cleveland wasn't downtown, but in Brooklyn Township. Denison Road followed a natural ridge line and, like many of today's roads that followed ridge lines (Detroit Avenue, Lorain Avenue, Center Ridge Road, Johnny Cake Ridge Road, etc), they were originally paths used by the Huron Nation for hundreds if not thousands of years. Along Denison you will find some of the oldest parcels and homes still left from the late 1700s and early 1800s -- and all were settled by Connecticut residents, most of whom were veterans of the Revolution or their descendants.

 

Get a good atlas of Ohio in particular, and anywhere you see a minor road that violates the grid, chances are it was an Indian trail, most of them in use for thousands of years. There are plenty across Northwest Ohio too, and like those you mentioned, they follow the very subtle ridge lines above the swamps. We all stand on 10-15,000 years of humanity that we often pretend isn't there.

Those interested in examining these divisions in the US, or Ohio, should consider reading Colin Woodard's book American Nations: A History of the Eleven Rival Regional Cultures of North America. It talks about the Western Reserve, or the predominantly New England/Yankee settled NE Ohio a few times, while describing the "Wars for the West."

 

      "Nineteenth-century visitors often remarked on the difference between the areas north and south of the old National Road, an early highway that bisected Ohio and which is now called U.S. 40. North of the road, houses were said to be substantial and well maintained, with well-fed livestock outside and literate, well-schooled inhabitants within. Village greens, white church steeples, town hall belfries, and green-shuttered houses were the norm. South of the road, farm buildings were unpainted, the people were poorer and less educated, and the better homes were built with brick in Greco-Roman style. “As you travel north across Ohio,” Ohio State University dean Harlan Hatcher wrote in 1945, “you feel that you have been transported from Virginia into Connecticut.” There were exceptions (Yankees skipped over the marshlands of Indiana and northeastern Ohio en route to Michigan and Illinois), and between Appalachian “Virginia” and Yankee “Connecticut” one passed through a Midland transition zone. But the general observation holds true: the place we call “the Midwest” is actually divided into east-west cultural bands running all the way out to the Mississippi River and beyond.

      Foreign immigrants to the Midwest often chose where to settle based on their degree of affinity or hostility to the dominant culture, and vice versa. The first major wave was German, and, not surprisingly, many of them joined their countrymen in the Midlands. Those who did not faced a choice between the Yankees and the Appalachian folk; few opted to settle in areas controlled by the latter." (Pg. 178)

 

 

Both of these maps are exerts from the book.

Why is Cleveland so obsessed with the Western Reserve when Cincinnati doesn't care at all that it used to be part of Virginia?  Perhaps if there was a "Virginia Military District College" in the way there is a "Case Western Reserve", there would be more present-day consciousness of this fact.  But there seems to be a lingering sentiment in the Cleveland psyche that it is somehow a next-door neighbor and peer of Philadelphia, Baltimore, etc.  The fact that the interstate signs say "New York" just east of Cleveland might bolster this sentiment.  Cincinnati has its issues, but it does not claim to be part of a geographical region 500 miles east of where it is situated. 

 

They do seem to be obsessed with the fact that part of NEO was created out of Connecticut. I guarantee if it was the New Jersey Western Reserve, they wouldn't be hyping it nearly as much. I really think there is a delusion among some boosters here that the Connecticut Western Reserve roots somehow make Cleveland some outpost of New England in Ohio. Lol- what a ridiculous notion.

 

Every time this topic comes up, I just laugh. If you all split from Ohio, have fun paying out of state tuition at OSU.

how dare you besmirch our homeland and our founding fathers, like General Edward Paine, a Revolutionary War hero if there was one. As a matter of fact, Painesville is just like Connecticut--without all the rich people and heavily populated by Mexicans! lol

 

 

Sounds like Stamford CT

^except Stamford is 6X larger!

Minor detail

but the demographics seem somewhat similar. I looked up the diversity index for each place--Stamford, 76.3; Painesville, 74.7 (who knew?). But I think Stamford has a big corporate park-like yuppie business district. At least they used to.

Let's keep this thread as academic as we can.  Thanks.

I do think the Connecticut Western Reserve history is an interesting one, and I will concede that its influence is probably felt in some of the oldest settlements in Northeast Ohio. I've been to Hudson, and it is indeed a very nice town. I don't buy that the legacy of the Connecticut Western Reserve influences local culture, politics, or values today. Cincinnati was already an established city in the late 1700s and early 1800s when the NEO was still part of the CWR. Many of its first inhabitants came from New York, Boston, and the urban Northeast, too. We also have Colonial style residential architecture. Those early inhabitants might have contributed to elements of the region, but to claim that their influence is still felt prominently seems inaccurate. Think of all the immigrant waves Cleveland saw over he years. WASPs don't really come to mind when I think of Cleveland. The whole Connecticut thing seems a bit over emphasized in the NEO narrative, but I suppose that could just be my perception of things.

 

I think my objection to this notion of NEO separating from the rest of the state stems from the fact that I just don't think it's possible for the region to be so different from the rest of the state, when all of the five regions are very different from each other. Does NEO feel different than SWO? Yes. But SWO feels very different from Central, NW, and SE portions of the state, too.  Each region offers something that the others do not, and that's a big part of what makes this state great. To assert that NEO would be better off without the rest of us is insulting and untrue.

If a SW ohio newspaper ran a series about how they are different from the rest of the state, it would be interesting.  The separate state thing is more idle chatter than anything.  Just some amusement.

The politics are certainly different. I've heard a joke told for 30+ year up here: what do you call a Cincinnati Democrat in Cleveland? A Republican. That's kind of political difference is borne out in these maps I posted above.... (EDIT: even the red areas in between the blue areas in NE Ohio are more purple than anything -- check out the Obama 2008 and 2012 election maps of Ohio)

 

There are subtle differences between Colonial architecture and Western Reserve architecture. The Western Reserve architecture is a little more modern, has more white trim, especially the white gabled/triangle above the front door (often with a small window or emblem in the triangle), loves its white columns out front (seems to be a tad Georgian or even Roman), and cupolas are common.

 

So when I worked for Sun Newspapers, the city of Fairview Park got these old travelers motels-turned-flophouses demolished on Lorain Road. A new user, McGowan Insurance, wanted to build an office building on the site. McGowan hired a national architect who smartly went to the city administration and asked what kind of designs would be acceptable to them. The mayor and her development director told the architect "We want a Western Reserve design." The national architect had never heard of a Western Reserve style of architecture. So he did some research and this was the building he designed and got approved by the city.....

 

McGowan-Fairview Park by Ken Prendergast, on Flickr

 

Now are these modern examples (from the town of Orange between Cleveland and Chagrin Falls) Colonial or Western Reserve? I'd call the 30000 Chagrin Blvd building more Colonial than the Howard Hanna office.....

 

30000 Chagrin Blvd-Orange by Ken Prendergast, on Flickr

 

HowardHanna-Orange by Ken Prendergast, on Flickr

But here's some of my favorite examples of Western Reserve design -- the small town squares. Mantua Center, the center of the original Mantua Township, shown below is in a rural area, and largely forgotten and overlooked when the Cleveland & Mahoning Railroad was built in the mid-1850s. The city of of Mantua grew up along the railroad line just south of here, so this old town center was left largely intact, and even a bit neglected. But here its town-square collection of basic township buildings -- administration building, church and school -- sits looking pretty much the same way it did 100 or perhaps even 200 years ago. BTW, the religions are more New Englandish here too -- more Congregationals, Presbyterian, Protestants, Quakers, etc. Looking more toward having a collectivist government be a convener if not a solver of problems....

 

Mantua Center2 by Ken Prendergast, on Flickr

 

Mantua Center1 by Ken Prendergast, on Flickr

Lastly (since I have to get back to work), here's a wonderful street scene in the middle-upper class suburb of Aurora -- a community founded in 1799, only three years after Cleveland. Yet it's not on any navigable waterway. So why was it founded so early? It was on the overland route (today's Route 82/43) from Connecticut. This is at the junction of State routes 43 and 306, at Old Pioneer Trail Road. But it could be a scene from anywhere in New England....

 

Aurora1 by Ken Prendergast, on Flickr

and some of the best examples of Western Reserve architecture can of course be found in Painesville, mostly by the renowned Jonathan Goldsmith (born in Connecticut in 1783). A few that survive (there were many at one time, mostly demolished now)--

 

Levi Shepard house

 

Uri Seeley house

 

not sure if this house is by Goldsmith, but it was recently for sale and is 130 years old

 

Mathews House (1829)

 

Denton-Powers house (1820)

 

the 200+ year old Rider's Inn

 

and I'm not sure if this qualifies as Western Reserve architecture or strictly Federal style, but it's Goldsmith's Lewis Morley house from 1836 and always one of my favorites. In the 60's it was the home of the local American Legion post (when there were still millions of WWII vets living, and still young) and I remember going there for a holiday party in elementary school, in the basement, which had wood paneling and a bar (typically suburban!). I don't know what's in the building now, but it was restored some years ago. Don't know if they kept the neon Schlitz beer signs.

And then there's Tallmadge, whose 1825-built church was featured on the cover of Life Magazine in 1944

 

^^ It's a shame that many were demolished.  Nice photos

Western Reserve's hits and misses: the Lake Effect Matrix

Posted on May 26, 2017 at 6:00 AM

BY EMILY BAMFORTH, CLEVELAND.COM

ebamforthCleveland[/member].com

 

CLEVELAND, Ohio -- Creating a new state of Western Reserve would have its hits (we'd keep more of our tax money!) and misses (we'd lose the best Ohio public colleges!).

 

With two weeks of coverage in our series, "Western Reserve: the 51st state?" it's hard to keep it all straight. Cleveland.com isn't suggesting the state break in half, but we've used the idea of secession as a rhetorical construct, to explore issues and divides within Ohio state government.

 

So to sum up out hypothetical state, we created this handy Lake Effect Matrix above. The closer the icon to Lake Erie, the bigger a hit. (The lake obviously is our biggest hit.) Remember, it's cooler by the lake.

 

MORE

http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2017/05/western_reserves_hits_and_miss.html

Emily and other journalists at Cleveland.com must be watching this thread like a hulk. They're using all the same points mentioned in the thread(s).

 

This is hilarious.

 

The article in a nutshell: 'We're not promoting secession but we're going to continue working tirelessly to prove why it would work and benefit Northern Ohio.'

 

I wonder how long it'll take for my post to get deleted. I'm starting to wonder if there's some sort of collusion going on.  :-o

TRAITORS! (joking)

These damn Republicans keep doing ALL of the cities in Ohio a disservice. I'm tired of it. F-k your cornfields.

These damn Republicans keep doing ALL of the cities in Ohio a disservice. I'm tired of it. F-k your cornfields.

 

Hey now! I am old, white, and am practically surrounded by cornfields and I have never voted for a Republican in my entire life and am very pro-city. lol 

 

#stereotypessuck

If anyone has a chance, I suggest checking out the Presbyterian church on Pearl Road in Parma Heights. Straight out of a Rockwell postcard.

To my previous comment...

Strange variant of the Western Reserve design, with the offset steeple. Normally the steeple is centered above the church entrance.

Great photos posted by Dumbledore in the photo section:

 

 

slowly but surley

 

 

 

i see there has been a discussion about the Western reserve on UrbanOhio.com and cleveland.com. while talk of secession from the rest of ohio is silly and lunacy, the western reserve is a real thing and longstanding identity up here (talking to southern ohioans here)

this area subjuect of this thread northeast of Cleveland is a hotbed of WR/ New england history.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nice photos by Dumbledore... I don't agree with him/her, however, that talk of WR secession from the rest of Ohio is "silly" or "lunacy."  I would apply those terms to the mostly downstate Republicans who are turning the state backwards and with whom NEO has little in common: hence the articles by the PD which, though they were largely fantasy in nature, were still somewhat realistic and hopeful to those of us who had the way this state is being run; where it is headed.

Strange variant of the Western Reserve design, with the offset steeple. Normally the steeple is centered above the church entrance.

 

There is an attached administration building, similar turn-of-the-century red brick. Beautiful, I just couldn't find a picture